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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15281571Kata Kunci:
Concept, International Relations, Realism, Qur'anAbstrak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat persamaan dan perbedaan antara konsep-konsep realis dalam teori Hubungan Internasional dengan Islam dalam konteks Al-Qur'an yang merupakan kitab suci umat Islam. Dimana pemahaman konsep-konsep dasar realis seperti sifat dasar manusia, sistem anarki internasional, dan kekuasaan tidak hanya dapat dipahami dari fenomena sosial, tetapi juga dapat dipelajari dari Al Qur'an (naskah kuno) dan Tafsir. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi dua pendekatan, yaitu kualitatif yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan Tafsir (Maudhu'i). Data utama diambil dari literatur dan buku-buku yang relevan termasuk Tafsir Al-Qur'an. Anarki bagi kaum realis disebabkan oleh kelalaian tidak adanya kekuasaan tertinggi (pemerintah) yang menyebabkan terjadinya perang. Sedangkan dalam Islam anarki disebabkan karena tidak adanya kekuasaan tertinggi yang sah di dunia yaitu Allah Sang Pemilik alam, sehingga manusia dituntut untuk mengikuti kehendak Allah seperti berbuat adil, perdamaian, menepati janji, kerjasama. Pemimpin (khalifah) adalah perpanjangan tangan dari perintah Tuhan untuk menjalankan tuntunan-Nya dalam mengelola bumi. Bagi kaum realis manusia adalah makhluk yang egois dan jahat sebagai sifat bawaan, dalam Islam manusia tidak terlepas dari anugerah dualitasnya, yaitu “syahwat” dan “ghadab” yang jika salah kelola akan menimbulkan “fasad (kerusakan)” (kekacauan). Penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi pembaca umum dan para peneliti yang tertarik dengan Islamisasi ilmu-ilmu sosial, khususnya Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, dalam mendapatkan landasan berpikir (postulat).
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