Yemeni Houthi Blockade of Israeli Merchant Ships in the Red Sea and Its Impact on Regional and Global Stability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13955241Keywords:
Ship Blockade, Red Sea, Houthi, Yemen, IsraelAbstract
The Red Sea is a strategic region that connects the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, and is a vital trade and transportation route for the world. However, it has also witnessed conflicts and tensions between various actors, including Israel and the Yemeni Houthi. This research aims to analyze why the Yemeni Houthi blockade Israeli-bound merchant ships in the Red Sea, and how it impacts regional and global stability. This research uses a qualitative method with literature study techniques to obtain data from various sources, such as books, journals, reports, media, and official documents. The results showed that the blockade of Israeli merchant ships by the Yemeni Houthi in the Red Sea was motivated by political, economic, military, and ideological factors, relating to the conflict between Israel and the Yemeni Houthi, the Yemeni civil war, the Saudi-Iranian rivalry, and the United States' support for Israel. The blockade negatively impacts regional and global stability, as it creates insecurity, economic losses, humanitarian crises, and diplomatic obstacles between the actors involved.
Downloads
References
Adhi, I. (2024, February 18). Korban Tewas di Gaza Dekati 29.000 Orang, Cukuplah Sudah... KOMPAS.Com. https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2024/02/18/173801570/korban-tewas-di-gaza-dekati-29000-orang-cukuplah-sudah
Anshori, L. (2023, November 23). Spesifikasi Kapal Kargo Taipan Israel yang Dibajak Houthi, Bisa Angkut 5.100 Mobil. Detikoto. https://oto.detik.com/berita/d-7051681/spesifikasi-kapal-kargo-taipan-israel-yang-dibajak-houthi-bisa-angkut-5-100-mobil
Baabood, A. (2023). C A R N E G I E E N D O W M E N T F O R I N T E R N AT I O N A L P E A C E Seas, Checks, and Guns: Emirati and Saudi Maritime Interests in the Yemen Conflict.
BBC. (2023, December 20). Siapa kelompok pemberontak Houthi di Yaman dan mengapa mereka menyerang kapal-kapal kargo yang menuju Israel? BBC News Indonesia. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cn043yzq3z5o
Blanchard, C. M. (2009). Islam: Sunnis and Shiites. Focus on Islamic, 2006, 11–21.
Cahyadi, I. (2023, October 7). Diserang Hamas, Pasukan Pertahanan Israel Lancarkan Operasi Pedang Besi. Berita Satu. https://www.beritasatu.com/internasional/1070698/diserang-hamas-pasukan-pertahanan-israel-lancarkan-operasi-pedang-besi
Caplan, N. (2019). The Israel-Palestine conflict: contested histories. John Wiley & Sons.
Chen, V. (2017). Saudi Arabia and Iran: Sectarianism, a Quest for Regional Hegemony, and International Alignments.
Finnemore, M., & Sikkink, K. (2001). Taking stock: the constructivist research program in international relations and comparative politics. Annual Review of Political Science, 4(1), 391–416.
Getahun, S. (2023). THE NEW GLOBAL SUPERPOWER GEO-STRATEGIC AND GEO-ECONOMICS RIVALRY IN THE RED SEA AND ITS IMPLICATION ON PEACE AND SECURITY IN THE HORN OF AFRICA. Technology And Business (JETBIS), 2. https://jetbis.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/al/index
Gladstone, W., Tawfiq, N., Nasr, D., Andersen, I., Cheung, C., Drammeh, H., Krupp, F., & Lintner, S. (1999). Sustainable use of renewable resources and conservation in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden: issues, needs and strategic actions. Ocean & Coastal Management, 42(8), 671–697.
Guiziou, F. (2024). Assessing the Effects of a War on a Container Terminal: Lessons from Al Hudaydah, Yemen. TransNav, The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 18(1), 195–204.
Hashmi, S. K. H., Haider, B. B., & Zahid, I. (2023). Major Powers’ Interests in IOR And Implications for the Region. Journal of Nautical Eye and Strategic Studies, 3(2), 87–103.
Hettne, B., & Söderbaum, F. (2006). Regional cooperation: a tool for addressing regional and global challenges. International Task Force on Global Public Goods, Meeting Global Challenges: International Cooperation in the
National Interest, Final Report, Stockholm, 179–244.
Juneau, T. (2013). Iran: rising but unsustainable power, unfulfilled potential. In Iranian Foreign Policy Since 2001 (pp. 18–39). Routledge.
Juneau, T. (2016). Iran’s policy towards the Houthi in Yemen: a limited return on a modest investment. International Affairs, 92(3), 647–663.
Kardaş, Ş., & Aras, B. (2023). Geopolitics of the New Middle East: Perspectives from Inside and Outside. Taylor & Francis.
Katzman, K. (2015). Iran’s foreign policy.
Katzman, K. (2017). Iran’s foreign and defense policies. Congressional Research Service.
Lili Lestari. (2023, December 22). Serangan di Laut Merah Ganggu Perdagangan Dunia, Kapal-kapal Hindari Perairan. Koran Jakarta. Serangan di Laut Merah Ganggu Perdagangan Dunia, Kapal-kapal Hindari Perairan
Lons, C., & Petrini, B. (2023). The Crowded Red Sea. Survival, 65(1), 57–67.
Lott, A. (2021). Maritime Security Threats and the Passage Regime in the Bab el-Mandeb.
Mouline, N. (2014). The clerics of Islam: Religious authority and political power in Saudi Arabia. Yale University Press.
Muslih, M. Y. (1988). The origins of Palestinian nationalism. Columbia University Press.
Mustaqim Andika. (2024, January 15). 6 Dampak Serangan Houthi di Laut Merah terhadap Ekonomi dan Politik Israel . SindoNews.
Quandt, W. B., Quandt, W. B., Quandt, W. B., Jabber, F., Jabber, P., & Lesch, A. M. (1973). The politics of Palestinian nationalism. Univ of California Press.
Sadek, S. (2020). War in Yemen: Costs and Benefits to the United States.
Sand, S. (2012). The invention of the land of Israel: From Holy Land to homeland. Verso Books.
Setiawati, D., Rahayu, H. R., & Arbakafin, Y. (2023). Kondisi umum dan pemicu terjadinya pergolakan Yaman.
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora Dan Seni, 1(2), 11–18.
Shapira, A. (1998). The Holocaust: Private memories, public memory. Jewish Social Studies, 4(2), 40–58.
Shiami, N. (2024, January 16). Konflik di Laut Merah Memanas, Pengamat: Dampak Kesewenang-wenangan Amerika yang Mendukung Israel. NU Online. https://nu.or.id/internasional/konflik-di-laut-merah-memanas-pengamat-dampak-kesewenang-wenangan-amerika-yang-mendukung-israel-A9GAu
Sørensen, G., Møller, J., & Jackson, R. H. (2022). Introduction to international relations: theories and approaches. Oxford university press.
Taghdisi-Rad, S. (2010). The political economy of aid in Palestine: relief from conflict or development delayed? Routledge.
Tal, D. (2004). War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab strategy and diplomacy. Routledge.
Verelladevanka, Adryamarthanino, & Indriawati, T. (2023, October 13). Kronologi Serangan Hamas ke Israel pada Oktober 2023 . KOMPAS.Com. https://www.kompas.com/stori/read/2023/10/13/140000879/kronologi-serangan-hamas-ke-israel-pada-oktober-2023#google_vignette
Wendt, A. (1999). Social theory of international politics (Vol. 67). Cambridge university press.
Wright, T. J. (2017). All measures short of war: The contest for the twenty-first century and the future of American power. Yale University Press.
Yudono Yanuar. (2024, January 19). Kronologi Perang Hamas-Israel Menyebar sampai Jauh, dari Yaman hingga Pakistan. Tempo.Co. https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1823009/kronologi-perang-hamas-israel-menyebar-sampai-jauh-dari-yaman-hingga-pakistan
Yulianingsih, T. (2023, February 14). AS dan Inggris Serang 30 Target Houthi di 13 Lokasi Yaman, Kapal dan Jet Tempur Dikerahkan. Liputan 6. AS dan Inggris Serang 30 Target Houthi di 13 Lokasi Yaman, Kapal dan Jet Tempur Dikerahkan
Zimmerman, K. (2022). Yemen’s Houthi and the Expansion of Iran’s Axis of Resistance. American Enterprise Institute.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright holder of all articles belongs to The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations. Under CC Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0, readers are free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially).